Friday, 19 April 2024, 5:13 PM
Site: iLearn - Lernmanagementsystem der Hochschule Deggendorf
Course: vhb Demo: English Competence and Research Training for Health Professionals_Alt (vhb Demo: English Competence and Research Training for Health Professionals_Alt)
Glossary: Glossary - Research Basics and Terminology
A
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- Significance level
- Probability of rejecting H0 when H0 is true
- Usually set at α=0.05 or α=0.01
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- Experimental hypothesis
- The population parameter differs from H0
- When H0 can be rejected, it does not mean that H1 can be accepted, because of the remaining probability of α- and β-error
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B
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- Systematic error or deviation in results
- Example: selection bias
Systematic
differences in the groups that are compared: group A has 50% more smokers than
group B → groups are not comparable
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- Process of hiding which comparison group a particular participant belongs to
- Used to minimize risk of bias
- Common methodology in clinical trials
- Types:
- Single blind: participants unaware
- Double blind: participants+ outcome assessors/ testers unaware
- Triple blind: participants+ outcome assessors/ testers+ data analysts unaware
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C
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- Measure of uncertainty around main finding of statistical analysis
- Usually set at CI=95%, also CI=99% or CI=90%
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- Information that can take any value within a
certain range
- Opposite of discrete data
- Example: Weight of a person: The weight can be
any value within the range of people´s weight (e.g. 60.3 kilogram).
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D
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Clinical trial
Dependent variable= Outcome (ill or healthy)
Independent variable= Treatment arm (new drug)
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- Information that can only take certain values
- Opposite of continuous data
- Example: Number of people in a room: It is
impossible to have 40.3 people in a room.
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F
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= Negative test when individual actually has the
disease |
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= Positive test when individual does not actually
have the disease |
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