Nominal Scale | |
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Normal Curve | |
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Normal Distribution | |
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Null Hypothesis (H0 or Ho) | |
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Number Needed to Treat (NNT) | |
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Objectivity | |
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Interviewer A asks question to Patient X Interviewer B asks question to Patient X → Both answers will be the same (answer should be independent from the interviewer) | |
Odds Ratio (OR) | |
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→ Patients who received the new antihypertensive drug die 3.7 times more often than patients who received an existing drug. → The odds to die with the new antihypertensive drug is 3.7 times higher than with the existing drug. Further information: Explaining Odds Ratios | |
Ordinal Scale | |
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Percentile | |
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50th percentile= 50% of all values in a distribution fall below this score
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PICO | |
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P= Population I= Intervention (or diagnosis, prognosis) being evaluated C= Comparison (usually to gold standard or no treatment) O= Outcome Example: Is physical activity at least twice a week for more than ten minutes as effective as the antihypertensive X in preventing high blood pressure in adults over 18 years? P= adults over 18 years I= physical activity at least twice a week for more than ten minutes C= antihypertensive X O= prevention of high blood pressure | |