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2.6    What is geodata?

 

Based on the EVAP model, GIS help many geographical sub-disciplines to record, analyse, process and present various facts and processes on the land surface. GIS are highly relevant not only in science, but also in everyday life, as they can be used to answer a wide range of spatial questions:

  • Where is the nearest hospital?
  • Which route should I take to get from A to B as quickly as possible?
  • Where is the best location for my company?
  • Where are previously untapped sales markets for my product?
  • Who is the owner of a particular property?
  • How can the landforms in the Alpine foothills be explained?
  • Which areas are flooded during a flood of a certain intensity?
  • Where are there social problem areas in my city?

To answer these questions, we need data about, where certain circumstances exist. If data can be clearly localised on the earth, it is referred to as geodata or spatial data.10

Geodata1,3,10

___________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ ________ __________ _________ _____ _______


Quiz

___________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ ________ __________ _________ _____ _______


Research

Find out about the work of the Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy and the Bavarian Surveying Administration. Focus on the geodata made available by the agencies and take into account the procurement options, costs and copyrights.

In a GIS, the a forementioned functions are expanded to include the crucial spatial component. In order for information to be localisable, a spatial reference, e.g. in the form of coordinates that refer to a unique coordinate system, must be added to all data. Coordinate systems can be used for both two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) positioning. However, to determine a position on earth, it is necessary to use a Suitable coordinate system which can be used to depict the complex, three-dimensional, irregular and non-symmetrical earth figure.

You can find out more about coordinate systems in Module 5.

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